Gasification Systems - Gas Cleaning Main Area
Warm Gas Cleanup
Project No.: 2012.03.03 Task 5
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established strict regulations for the trace contaminant emissions from integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems. The Department of Energy (DOE) performance goals for trace contaminant removal were selected to meet or exceed EPA's standard limits for contaminants, as well as to avoid poisoning of:
- the catalysts utilized in making liquids from fuel gas
- the electrodes in fuel cells
- selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts
The objective of the NETL's ORD Warm Gas Cleanup project is to assist in achieving both DOE and EPA targets for trace contaminant capture from coal gasification, while preserving the high thermal efficiency of the IGCC system. To achieve this, both lab and pilot-scale research is underway to develop sorbents capable of removing the following contaminants from high temperature syngas (up to 550°F):
- mercury (Hg)
- arsenic (As)
- selenium (Se)
- phosphorus (P)
- antimony (Sb)
- cadmium (Cd)
The removal of the trace contaminants at elevated temperatures preserves the higher thermal efficiency of the IGCC system. Unfortunately, most sorbents display poor capacity for elemental Hg and the other trace contaminants at elevated temperatures. Previous experience with sorbents in coal combustion flue gas has allowed for judicious selection of high-temperature candidate sorbents. The capacities of many different sorbents for Hg, As, Se and P have been determined in simulated gas streams.
Palladium-based sorbents are currently among the most promising candidates for high-temperature capture of trace elements from fuel gases. High temperature capture of the trace elements in one step reduces the footprint, cost, and complexity of the pollution mitigation method; and increases the certainty of the final disposition of the trace elements.
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Related Papers and Publications:
- Overview of National Energy Technology Laboratory R&D Activities and Partnership Opportunities Presentation [PDF-2.8MB]
Presented by Chris Guenther, Gasification Technologies Conference, October 9-12, 2011, San Francisco, CA.
- Real Time Studies of Palladium Sorbents for the Removal of Trace Contaminants from Coal-Derived Fuel Gas
Erik C. Rupp, Evan J. Granite, Dennis C. Stanko, accepted for publication, Fuel, corrected proof on-line January 1, 2012.
- Palladium Based Sorbents for High Temperature Arsine Removal from Fuel Gas
Stephen Poulston, Evan J. Granite, Henry Pennline, Hugh Hamilton, Andrew W.J. Smith, Fuel, 90, 3118-3121, October 2011.
- Metal Sorbents for High Temperature Mercury Capture from Fuel Gas
Stephen Poulston, Evan J. Granite, et. al, Fuel, 86(14), 2201-2203, September 2007.
- Method for High Temperature Mercury Capture from Gas Streams [PDF-633KB]
Evan Granite and Henry Pennline, US Patent 7,033,419; April 25, 2006.
Contacts:
- For further information on this project, contact the NETL Project Manager, Evan Granite.
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